An extra mutation in an oncogene might induce the mobile to reproduce additional speedily and a lot more often than its normal counterparts.
癌症是一组可影响身体任何部位的多种疾病的通称。使用的其它术语为恶性肿瘤和赘生物。癌症的一个决定性特征是异常细胞快速生成，这些细胞超越其通常边界生长并可侵袭身体的临近部位和扩散到其它器官。后者被称为转移。广泛转移是癌症死亡的主要原因。
第二步——增生，突变后的细胞及其后代看起来仍然正常，但它们繁殖过多，这种 情况被称为增生。数年后，百万分之一的细胞（粉色）遭受另一种突变，这种突变 进一步放松了对细胞生长的控制。
Other aspects are pertinent: obese people have greater amounts of some hormones affiliated with cancer and a better level of These cancers.[ninety five] Girls who choose hormone alternative therapy have an increased threat of creating cancers connected with All those hormones.
In America, most cancers is bundled to be a secured ailment because of the Equivalent Work Opportunity Fee (EEOC), primarily due to the opportunity for most cancers possessing discriminating results on employees.[253] Discrimination in the workplace could come about if an employer holds a Wrong perception that anyone with cancer isn't capable of performing a job adequately, and should check with For additional sick depart than other workforce.
第五步——浸润性癌，如果基因变化使肿瘤开始侵入下层组织，并使细胞脱落到血液或淋巴中， 则认为肿瘤已变成恶性肿瘤。癌变的细胞很可能在全身形成新的肿瘤（转移）；这些可能会因破坏重要器官而致命。
中医治疗作为我国的传统特色，我们也专门总结了一篇中医治疗方法(详见，放链接)。 中医主要用于治疗晚期癌症，包括肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、淋巴瘤、 食管癌、鼻咽癌等，有时还可联合化疗或放疗，以缓解不良反应，提高疗效。同时， 中医在术后恢复方面也有较好的应用效果。
This is based on the blamers' belief that the world is fundamentally just and so any hazardous sickness, like most cancers, have to be a sort of punishment for poor choices, for the reason that in a very just entire 癌症 world, poor points would not transpire to great people today.[246]
除了切除原發性腫瘤之外，癌症的病程分期（英语：staging）也需要手術的協助。例如，確定腫瘤惡化的程度與是否發生淋巴結轉移。病程分期主要可用來推測預後和是否需要實行輔助治療（英语：adjuvant therapy）。有時手術也被用來控制症狀以減輕病人痛苦，如脊髓壓迫或腸阻塞，稱為紓緩治療。
畸胎瘤是性腺或胚胎剩件中的全能细胞发生的肿瘤，常发生于性腺，一般含有两个以上胚层的成分，结构混乱，也有良性和恶性之分。
癌症預防的目標就是減低癌症的發生。包含減少接觸致癌物的機會，改變飲食及生活習慣，或是醫療技術的進步（超音波、核磁共振攝影、X射線斷層成像或正電子發射電腦斷層掃描等檢驗）。
You can find an association among celiac disease and an elevated chance of all cancers. Those with untreated celiac illness have an increased threat, but this risk decreases with time just after prognosis and demanding treatment method. This can be due to adoption of the gluten-free of charge food plan, which looks to possess a protecting function from the event of malignancy in individuals with celiac sickness.
準確的癌症分期與診斷對於癌症的治療相當重要，癌症治療的原則是先確立治療目標，主要目標則可分為治癒癌症、延長生命、減輕痛苦及安寧療護四大類，常見的治療方式有以下幾項。
From the fifteenth, sixteenth and 17th generations, it grew to become appropriate for Medical professionals to dissect bodies to discover the cause of Dying.[229] The German professor Wilhelm Fabry believed that breast cancer was a result of a milk clot inside a mammary duct.